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Place Cell-Like Activity detected in the Primary Sensorimotor and Premotor Cortex
A group of neuroscientists, led by the Brazilian Miguel Nicolelis, has shown neurons that present place-cell activity in the primary sensorimotor and premotor cortex.
Place cells have been described before in rodents and are mostly associated with the hippocampus. “The presence of place cells in another cortex areas has been a taboo in neuroscience”, said Miguel Nicolelis in his seminar Neurociências como instrumento de transformação social (Neurosciences as an instrument of social transformation) at ICB-USP.
In Nicolelis’ study, two rhesus monkeys used a Brain Machine Interface to control the movements of a motorized wheelchair in order to navigate to a fixed target location in a room. Using this experimental setting, the authors have observed that a significant fraction of S1, M1 and PMd neurons exhibited patterns similar to the ones observed in place cell.
Decoding of room location from neuronal ensemble activity. (A) Box plots showing the distribution of decoding accuracy and chance decoding accuracy (left and right boxes within each group, respectively) measured by the mean prediction error (MPE) in meters, in monkey K and monkey M using different population of neurons. Only sessions with decoding accuracy significantly above chance are shown. The distributions of chance-level decoding accuracy are constructed from the lower-end of the 95% confidence interval of the selected sessions’ chance-level error. (**) indicates significant p-value < 0.01 for post-hoc Tukey’s multiple comparison following Kruskal-Wallis test. Extracted from the original article.
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Decoding of room location from neuronal ensemble activity. (A) Box plots showing the distribution of decoding accuracy and chance decoding accuracy (left and right boxes within each group, respectively) measured by the mean prediction error (MPE) in meters, in monkey K and monkey M using different population of neurons. Only sessions with decoding accuracy significantly above chance are shown. The distributions of chance-level decoding accuracy are constructed from the lower-end of the 95% confidence interval of the selected sessions’ chance-level error. (**) indicates significant p-value < 0.01 for post-hoc Tukey’s multiple comparison following Kruskal-Wallis test. Extracted from the original article.
